Ficus racemosa L.

അത്തി

Family
:
Moraceae
Synonym
:
Ficus glomerata Roxb.
Common Names
:
Atthi-al, Jantuphalam, Udumbaram, Cluster fig, Gular fig, Country fig
Flowering Period
:
February-May
Distribution
:
Indo-Malesia to Australia
Habitat
:
Semi-evergreen and deciduous forests, also in the plains
Habit
:
Tree
Uses
:

Fruits edible as raw or cooked. Unripe fruits are pickled and used in soups. The leaves are eaten as vegetable. Young shoots are eaten raw or cooked. The roots can be cut to provide a liquid that can be drunk as water. The leaves are used in the treatment of diarrhoea. Bark is used in the treatment of haematuria, menorrhagia, and haemoptysis. A fluid that exudes from the cut roots of the tree is considered to be a powerful tonic when drunk for several days together. The sap is a popular remedy in Bombay, that is applied locally to mumps and other inflammatory glandular enlargements, and is also used in the treatment of gonorrhoea. The root is chewed as a treatment for tonsilitis. 

വേരുകൾ വെള്ളത്തിലിട്ട് തിളപ്പിച്ച് കുടിക്കാൻ ഉപയോഗിക്കുന്നു. വേരുകൾ ടോൺസിലിന്റെ ചികിത്സക്ക് ഉപയോഗിക്കുന്നു.

Key Characters
:

Deciduous trees, to 30 m high; bole buttressed; bark 8-10 mm thick, surface reddish-brown or yellowish-brown smooth, coarsely flaky, fibrous; latex milky; young shoots and twigs finely white hairy, soon glabrous; branchlets 1.5-3 mm thick, puberulous. Leaves simple, alternate, 6-15 x 3.5-6 cm, ovate, obovate, elliptic-oblong, elliptic-lanceolate, elliptic-ovate or oblong-ovate, apex narrowed, blunt or acute, base acute, obtuse or cuneate, margin entire, membranous, glabrous, blistered appearance on drying; 3-ribbed from base, 4-8 pairs, slender, pinnate, prominent beneath, intercostae reticulate, obscure; stipules 12-18 mm long, lanceolate, linear-lanceolate, pubescent, often persistent on young shoots; petiole 10-50 mm long, slender, grooved above, becoming brown scurfy. Flowers unisexual; inflorescence a syconia, on short leafless branches or warty tubercles of trunk or on larger branches, subglobose to pyriform, smooth, often lenticellate-verrucose; peduncle 3-12 mm long, stout, orifice plane or slightly sunken, closed by 5-6 apical bracts; internal bristles none; basal bracts 3, 1-2 m long, ovate-triangular, obtuse, persistent; flowers of unisexual, 4 kinds; male flowers near the mouth of receptacles, in 2-3 rings, sessile, much compressed; tepals 3-4, dentate-lacerate, lobes jointed below, red, glabrous; stamens 2, exserted; filaments 1 mm, connate below; anthers oblong, parallel; female flowers sessile or very shortly stalked among gall flowers; tepals 3-4, dentate-lacerate, lobes jointed below, red, glabrous, ovary superior, sessile or substipitate, red spotted; style 2-3 mm long, glabrous, simple; stigma clavate; gall flowers long stalked; ovary dark red, rough; style short. Syconium 2.5 x 2 cm, orange, pink or dark crimson; achene granulate.