Ailanthus triphysa (Dennst.) Alston

മാട്ടി

Family
:
Simaroubaceae
Synonym
:
Ailanthus malabarica DC.
Common Names
:
Mattipala, Pongallyam, Perumaram, Pongilium, Maharukh
Flowering Period
:
January-May
Distribution
:
Indo-Malesia and Australia
Habitat
:
Semi-evergreen forests, also planted in the plains
Habit
:
Tree
Uses
:

The resin is used medicinally. The bitter bark and sap of this plant contains alkaloids that have been used for medicinal preparations. The bark and leaves are renowned as a tonic, especially in debility after childbirth, they also possess febrifuge properties and are useful in dyspeptic complaints. The leaf litter decomposes well to help restore soil fertility. The trees are used to act as supports for growing black pepper (Piper nigrum). The leaves are used to dye silk and satin black. An essential oil is obtained from the bark. A gum is obtained from stem cuttings. The resin is used as incense. It is used in Hindu temples. The yellow wood is light in weight, soft and porous.  It is used for making boats, matches, fishing floats and weaponry accessories such as sword handles and spear sheaths. 

രക്തം ശുദ്ധീകരിക്കാനും ടൈഫോയിഡ്, രക്തം കട്ടപിടിക്കുക തുടങ്ങിയ രോഗങ്ങൾക്ക് പരിഹാരമായി ഉപയോഗിക്കുന്നു.

Key Characters
:

Lofty deciduous trees, to 30 m high, bark grey, smooth. Leaves imparipinnate, alternate, crowded towards the apex of branches, estipulate; leaflets 11-23, opposite or subopposite; lamina 8.5-17 x 2-6.5 cm, oblong-ovate, oblong-lanceolate or elliptic to lanceolate, margin entire, revolute, glabrous. Flowers polygamous, greenish-yellow, in axillary panicles; male flowers: sepal 5, ovate; petals 5, erect; disc 10-lobed; stamens 10; anthers ovate; pistillode rudimentary, cordate; bisexual flowers: sepals and petals as in male flowers; stamens 2 or 3; disc 10-lobed; ovary 5 partite, superior, ovule 1 in each cell; style connate; stigmas plumose. Fruit a samara, 1-5, oblong, 5-6 x 1.5-2.5 cm, prominently veined, not twisted, reddish-brown with rounded ends.